HCD Think Tanks Policy Brief

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    From Brain Drain to Skills Gain: Policy Recommendations for the Successful Integration of Return Migrants in Senegal
    (African Economic Research Consortium, 2024-04-05) Diallo, M.A; Diallo, S. CRES.
    Senegal is one of the sub-Saharan African countries that has the highest number of emigrants. In 2019, out of a population of close to 16 million people, 640 thousand people that were born in Senegal, lived in another country, of which 45% were to be found in Africa, and 48% in Europe. The main factor that influences migration is the search for better standards of living and employment; wages, social security and employment opportunities being drivers for migration. A focus on Economic issues related to return migrants is important for two reasons: The first is that a significant number of return migrants (37%) consider migrating once more just six months after their return to Senegal. The second is that there are very few studies on the subject. This policy brief aims to fill this gap by examining the impact of return migration on professional insertion in Senegal.
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    Universal Health Coverage (CMU) in Senegal: A Profitable Solution for the Improvement of Health and Productivity
    (African Economic Research Consortium, 2024-04-05) Diagne, S.; Sylla, F. N.; Henov, K. C.
    Difficulties in accessing health care services constitute a major challenge being experienced by Senegal’s government. One of the main reasons behind the difficulty in accessing healthcare services is the low coverage in regard to access to universal healthcare. It is for this reason that the government put in place the Universal Healthcare coverage programme (CMU) in order to allow its vulnerable citizens to access health insurance services. Despite the efforts undertaken, more than 50% of the citizens remain uncovered. The actual coverage rate of the programme has been calculated at 49% whereas the government targeted to cover 75% of the population by 2019. The government must pursue effort to allow for a higher number of people to benefit from a health insurance cover. This study examines the expected results of the programme in place in terms of improving access to healthcare services as well as profitability
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    Building a Robust Workforce: Why does FDI Motive Matter?
    (African Economic Research Consortium, 2024-04-05) Omisakin, Olusegun; Adekunle, Wasiu; Vincent, Oluwaseyi; Erumebor, Wilson; Taiwo, Shakirudeen; Iyoha, Faith; Olofin, Sodik; Oluwaserantimi, Ore
    Over the years, Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) inflows are often associated with the increased availability of a robust workforce. This is because FDI assists recipient countries in building human capital through technology and knowledge transfer. However, emerging trends indicate that motive(s) guiding FDI inflow immensely influence its role in capacity building activities of the available workforce in the host country. In Nigeria, recent FDI inflows are becoming more sensitive to the characteristics of the country's labour force. In the past years, FDI inflows usually focus on the oil-sector - resource-seeking activities, which have resulted in little or zero gains for the country in terms of employment creation, capacity building for the existing workforce, and insignificant human capital gains.
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    Crisis of Low Health Insurance Absorption: What Drivers are Culprits?
    (African Economic Research Consortium, 2024-04-05) Omisakin, Olusegun; Adekunle, Wasiu; Vincent, Oluwaseyi; Erumebor, Wilson; Taiwo, Shakirudeen; Iyoha, Faith; Olofin, Sodik; Oluwaserantimi, Ore
    Health insurance coverage in Nigeria has historically been low, with less than 5 percent of Nigeria's over 200 million people being covered by private and public health insurance. This is not unprecedented as financing healthcare through health insurance accounts for about 1.9 percent of total current health spending, which is a far cry from the average shares of 26 percent and 18 percent in high income and upper-middle-income countries, respectively. In 2021, the National Health Insurance Authority (NHIA) Act was introduced, making health insurance mandatory for all citizens and legal Nigerian residents. However, using compulsion alone to increase the uptake of healthcare insurance might not guarantee the expected outcome.
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    “From Fear to Caution: Overcoming the Health Care Crisis in Madagascar”
    (African Economic Research Consortium, 2024-04-05) Razakamanana, Marilys Victoire; Rakotonirainy, Miora; Ramiandrisoa, Tiarinisaina Olivier
    SDG 3 is aimed at “ensure healthy lives and promote well-being for all at all ages.” Yet, despite the fact that the covid pandemic affected everybody, it did not increase access to health care services. Indeed, during the COVID-19 pandemic,fear of contracting the virus and restrictions on movement of people led to a decrease in the use of healthcare services in Madagascar. People who displayed obvious symptoms such as fever, received immediate treatment, but those that displayed symptoms not directly related to COVID-19, such as diarrhoea, avoided going to receive treatment at healthcare facilities out of fear. However, as it had been observed during previous pandemics like Ebola, for example, the decrease in the use of healthcare facilities was followed by an increase in morbidity and mortality through diseases that are unrelated to Ebola, such as diarrhoea.