Gendered Pathways to Nutrition in Tanzania: The Interplay of Household Dynamics, Food Affordability and Adaptive Strategies
Date
2025
Authors
Macha, Doris E.
Chegere, Martin J.
Munuo, Adeline
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
AERC
Abstract
Nutrition is a key driver of health and human development. In Tanzania, however, household power dynamics and economic pressures continue to create gender-based inequalities in food access and consumption. Women and children are often the most affected, as limited control over land, income, and household decisions restricts their ability to obtain and consume nutritious foods. These imbalances directly contribute to poor nutrition outcomes such as higher rates of undernutrition and stunting. Female-headed households face particular challenges. With fewer assets and limited labor support, they are more likely to experience food insecurity and child malnutrition. Addressing these inequities is essential to progress on SDG 2 (Zero Hunger) and SDG 5 (Gender Equality). Globally, malnutrition remains a major challenge, with approximately 149.2 million children under five experiencing stunting in 2022. In Tanzania, despite progress in agricultural production, food insecurity still affects about one-third of the population, and child stunting remains high. Persistent gender disparities such as unequal access to credit, extension services, and decision-making power undermine national efforts to improve nutrition and overall well-being.