Human Capital Development (HCD)

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    Educate Teachers Educate Children
    (African Economic Research Consortium, 2024-05-14) Sitati, Melap; Murebu, Rosemary
    Teachers play a critical role in the education system. As a result, teacher costs rake up 58 percent of public expenditure on education in Kenya. Despite this investment, leaner performance in numeracy and literacy remains below average with wide variability registered across counties. Low learner performance hinders a country's economic growth and limits opportunities for higher education or employment, leading to a cycle of poverty and inequality.
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    Does every Cloud have a Silver Lining?
    (African Economic Research Consortium, 2024-03-30) Chakraborty, Kritika Sen; Villa, Kira
    Climate change disproportionately affects rural economies, particularly in poorer regions such as sub-Saharan Africa, where livelihoods depend on weather fluctuations. South Africa, a middle-income country located within a drought belt, has experienced exacerbated drought conditions in recent years. In 2015-2016, the country suffered the worst drought in decades, which substantially decreased food production (World Bank Group, 2021). To cope with weather events, households employ several strategies, including adjusting the human capital investments and labour supply responses of household members as a form of ‘self-insurance’. Rainfall shocks, as a proxy for agricultural productivity shocks, can affect the school–work decisions of adolescents and young adults in rural South Africa. Adolescents are particularly vulnerable as they may be forced to enter the labour market to cope with shocks, resulting in school termination and, consequently, long-lasting negative effects on human capital accumulation. Exploring the weather shocks-human capital nexus is crucial for South Africa, which has around 207,714, out-of-school adolescents and a low net secondary school enrollment rate of 70.3 % in 2019 (UNESCO, 2019).
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    From Mothers to Children: The Implications of Work on Education in Senegal
    (African Economic Research Consortium, 2024-03-30) NDOYE, Mamadou Laye; ATCHADE, Bénédicte
    Despite the implementation of a universal education policy in Senegal, the academic achievements of children by the end of the primary school cycle remains a major problem. Besides the acquisition of knowledge on the classical subjects that are taught in school, several other reasons related to family life were highlighted as determinants in academic achievements of learners. We pay specific interest to the impact of the mother’s labour in a context whereby women are more and more involved in the labour market and are faced with serious difficulties in being able to reconcile their professional roles with their maternal obligations. Indeed, in Senegal, the employment of women, mostly in precarious and low paying jobs, prevents them from balancing their professional obligations with their maternal responsibilities, which has a negative impact on the academic achievements of their children.
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    Skills over Scarcity
    (African Economic Research Consortium, 2024-03-30) Lionie, Mafang; Dumas, Tsambou André; Gnilane, Diouf Ndeye Marie; Bertin, Malou Jonas
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    The Peril of Ignoring Human Capital
    (2024-03-30) Yelwa, Mohammed; Anyanwu, Sarah O.
    Nigeria's economic growth and productivity depend on the development of human capital.However,Nigeria's human capitaldevelopmentis still low,particularly among low-income rural families who lack the means to investin their children's future. The lack of resource endowment in most households and cultural prejudices against girls are two main factors contributing to inadequate human capital development in Nigeria. Decisions about investing in human capital are also influenced by family size and per capita income. Therefore, nderstanding how family human capital investment decisions affect children's development is crucial for combating poverty and promoting sustainable development in Nigeria.